网络抓包常用命令

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网络抓包常用命令

详细解析和Demo版本：就是要你懂抓包–WireShark之命令行版tshark

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//抓取一个子网范围
tcpdump -i bond0 port 3001 and net 1.2.3.0/24 and host not 1.2.3.211 -nn -X

//抓取 DNAT 包，tcp options 里面的 246 代表 DNAT
tcpdump -nn –vvv -i eth0 tcp dst port 3306 and '(tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn) != 0) and (tcp[20] =246) '

//在上面的基础上，抓取指定 vip：10.142.*.*
tcpdump -nn –vvv -i eth0 tcp dst port 3306 and '(tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn) != 0) and tcp[20]=246 and tcp[24]=10 and tcp[25]=142'

//抓取 DNAT 包，tcp options 里面的 252 代表 DNAT
tcpdump -nn –vvv -i eth0 tcp dst port 3306 and '(tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-ack) != 0) and (tcp[20] =252) '

//根据指定的VPC IP抓包，例如172.16.x.x
tcpdump -nn –vvv -i eth0 tcp dst port 3306 and '(tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-ack) != 0) and (tcp[32] =172) and (tcp[33] =16)'

//根据客户端IP抓包FNAT的包，例如172.16.x.x
tcpdump -nn –vvv -i eth0 tcp dst port 3306 and '(tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-ack) != 0) and(tcp[20]=252) and (tcp[24]=172) and (tcp[25]=16)'

用tcpdump抓取并保存包：
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 port 3306 -w plantegg.cap

抓到的包存储在plantegg.cap中，可以用作wireshark、tshark详细分析
如果明确知道目的ip、端口等可以通过指定条件来明确只抓取某个连接的包

只抓本机的8080端口：
tcpdump -i eth0 '(src port 8001 and src host 11.59.10.106) or (dst port 8001 and dst host 11.59.10.106)' -nn -X

//http 流量
// -f 抓取过滤条件 tcp port 80 and host 11.59.10.106
//-Y 展示过滤条件
tshark -i eth0 -f '(tcp src port 8080 and src host 11.59.10.106) or (tcp dst port 8080 and dst host 11.59.10.106)' -t a  -Y " (http.request or http.response)" -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e http.request.full_uri -e http.response.code -e http.response.phrase


抓取详细SQL语句：
sudo tshark -i eth0 -Y "mysql.command==3" -T fields -e mysql.query
sudo tshark -i eth0 -R mysql.query        -T fields -e mysql.query

sudo tshark -i any -f 'port 8527' -s 0 -l -w - |strings

#parse 8507/4444 as mysql protocol, default only parse 3306 as mysql.
sudo tshark -i eth0 -d tcp.port==8507,mysql -T fields -e mysql.query 'port 8507'
sudo tshark -i any -c 50 -d tcp.port==4444,mysql -Y " ((tcp.port eq 4444 )  )" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query

sudo tshark -i eth0 -R "ip.addr==11.163.182.137" -d tcp.port==3306, -T fields -e mysql.query 'port 3306'
sudo tshark -i eth0 -R "tcp.srcport==62877" -d tcp.port==3001,mysql -T fields -e tcp.srcport -e mysql.query 'port 3001'

//将3307端口解析成MySQL 协议分析
tshark -i lo -d tcp.port==3307,mysql -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time -e frame.time_delta -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e tcp.len -e _ws.col.Info -e mysql.query

如果MySQL开启了SSL，那么抓包后的内容tshark/wireshark分析不到MySQL的具体内容，可以强制关闭：connectionProperties里加上useSSL=false

查看SQL具体内容
sudo tshark -r gege_plantegg.cap -Y "mysql.query or (  tcp.stream==1)" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query 


按mysql查询分析响应时间
对于rt分析，要注意一个query多个response情况（response结果多，分包了），分析这种rt的时候只看query之后的第一个response，其它连续response需要忽略掉。

以上抓包结果文件可以用tshark进行详细分析

对抓包按 stream 进行切分：
for i in {0..314};do tshark -r 11216253112_3055.pcap -Y "tcp.stream eq $i" -w $i.pcap; done
tshark -r 0.pcap "ip.src eq 11.216.253.112" -T fields -e frame.number  -e frame.time_delta -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e tcp.analysis.ack_rtt

分析MySQL rt，倒数第四列基本就是rt
tshark -r gege_plantegg.pcap -Y " ((tcp.srcport eq 3306 ) and tcp.len>0 )" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e tcp.analysis.ack_rtt   

或者排序一下
tshark -r 213_php.cap -Y "mysql.query or (  tcp.srcport==3306)" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query |sort -nk9 -nk1

MySQL响应时间直方图【第八列的含义-- Time since previous frame in this TCP stream: seconds】：
tshark -r gege_plantegg.pcap -Y "mysql.query or (tcp.srcport3306 and tcp.len>60)" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len | awk 'BEGIN {sum0=0;sum3=0;sum10=0;sum30=0;sum50=0;sum100=0;sum300=0;sum500=0;sum1000=0;sumo=0;count=0;sum=0} {rt=$8; if(rt>=0.000) sum=sum+rt; count=count+1; if(rt<=0.000) sum0=sum0+1; else if(rt<0.003) sum3=sum3+1 ; else if(rt<0.01) sum10=sum10+1; else if(rt<0.03) sum30=sum30+1; else if(rt<0.05) sum50=sum50+1; else if(rt < 0.1) sum100=sum100+1; else if(rt < 0.3) sum300=sum300+1; else if(rt < 0.5) sum500=sum500+1; else if(rt < 1) sum1000=sum1000+1; else sum=sum+1 ;} END{printf "-------------\n3ms:\t%s \n10ms:\t%s \n30ms:\t%s \n50ms:\t%s \n100ms:\t%s \n300ms:\t%s \n500ms:\t%s \n1000ms:\t%s \n>1s:\t %s\n-------------\navg: %.6f \n" , sum3,sum10,sum30,sum50,sum100,sum300,sum500,sum1000,sumo,sum/count;}'

按http response分析响应时间
tshark -nr 213_php.cap -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true  -Y "http.request or http.response" -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e ip.dst -e tcp.stream  -e http.request.full_uri -e http.response.code -e http.response.phrase | sort -nk6 -nk1

分析rtt、丢包、deplicate等等，可以得到整体网络状态
$ tshark -r retrans.cap -q -z io,stat,1,"AVG(tcp.analysis.ack_rtt)tcp.analysis.ack_rtt","COUNT(tcp.analysis.retransmission)  tcp.analysis.retransmission","COUNT(tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission) tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission","COUNT(tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack) tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack","COUNT(tcp.analysis.lost_segment) tcp.analysis.lost_segment","MIN(tcp.window_size)tcp.window_size"

===================================================================================
| IO Statistics                                                                   |
|                                                                                 |
| Duration: 89.892365 secs                                                        |
| Interval:  2 secs                                                               |
|                                                                                 |
| Col 1: AVG(tcp.analysis.ack_rtt)tcp.analysis.ack_rtt                            |
|     2: COUNT(tcp.analysis.retransmission)  tcp.analysis.retransmission          |
|     3: COUNT(tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission) tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission |
|     4: COUNT(tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack) tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack             |
|     5: COUNT(tcp.analysis.lost_segment) tcp.analysis.lost_segment               |
|     6: AVG(tcp.window_size)tcp.window_size                                      |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          |1         |2      |3      |4      |5      |6      |                   |
| Interval |    AVG   | COUNT | COUNT | COUNT | COUNT |  AVG  |                   |
|-------------------------------------------------------------|                   |
|  0 <>  2 | 0.001152 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  4206 |                   |
|  2 <>  4 | 0.002088 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     1 |  6931 |                   |
|  4 <>  6 | 0.001512 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  7099 |                   |
|  6 <>  8 | 0.002859 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  7171 |                   |
|  8 <> 10 | 0.001716 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  6472 |                   |
| 10 <> 12 | 0.000319 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     2 |  5575 |                   |
| 12 <> 14 | 0.002030 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  6922 |                   |
| 14 <> 16 | 0.003371 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     2 |  5884 |                   |
| 16 <> 18 | 0.000138 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     1 |  3480 |                   |
| 18 <> 20 | 0.000999 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     4 |  6665 |                   |
| 20 <> 22 | 0.000682 |     0 |     0 |    41 |     2 |  5484 |                   |
| 22 <> 24 | 0.002302 |     2 |     0 |    19 |     0 |  7127 |                   |
| 24 <> 26 | 0.000156 |     1 |     0 |    22 |     0 |  3042 |                   |
| 26 <> 28 | 0.000000 |     1 |     0 |    19 |     1 |   152 |                   |
| 28 <> 30 | 0.001498 |     1 |     0 |    24 |     0 |  5615 |                   |
| 30 <> 32 | 0.000235 |     0 |     0 |    44 |     0 |  1880 |                   |
1
===================================================================================
2
| IO Statistics                                                                   |
3
|                                                                                 |
4
| Duration: 89.892365 secs                                                        |
5
| Interval:  2 secs                                                               |
6
|                                                                                 |
7
| Col 1: AVG(tcp.analysis.ack_rtt)tcp.analysis.ack_rtt                            |
8
|     2: COUNT(tcp.analysis.retransmission)  tcp.analysis.retransmission          |
9
|     3: COUNT(tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission) tcp.analysis.fast_retransmission |
10
|     4: COUNT(tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack) tcp.analysis.duplicate_ack             |
11
|     5: COUNT(tcp.analysis.lost_segment) tcp.analysis.lost_segment               |
12
|     6: AVG(tcp.window_size)tcp.window_size                                      |
13
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
14
|          |1         |2      |3      |4      |5      |6      |                   |
15
| Interval |    AVG   | COUNT | COUNT | COUNT | COUNT |  AVG  |                   |
16
|-------------------------------------------------------------|                   |
17
|  0 <>  2 | 0.001152 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  4206 |                   |
18
|  2 <>  4 | 0.002088 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     1 |  6931 |                   |
19
|  4 <>  6 | 0.001512 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  7099 |                   |
20
|  6 <>  8 | 0.002859 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  7171 |                   |
21
|  8 <> 10 | 0.001716 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  6472 |                   |
22
| 10 <> 12 | 0.000319 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     2 |  5575 |                   |
23
| 12 <> 14 | 0.002030 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     0 |  6922 |                   |
24
| 14 <> 16 | 0.003371 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     2 |  5884 |                   |
25
| 16 <> 18 | 0.000138 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     1 |  3480 |                   |
26
| 18 <> 20 | 0.000999 |     0 |     0 |     0 |     4 |  6665 |                   |
27
| 20 <> 22 | 0.000682 |     0 |     0 |    41 |     2 |  5484 |                   |
28
| 22 <> 24 | 0.002302 |     2 |     0 |    19 |     0 |  7127 |                   |
29
| 24 <> 26 | 0.000156 |     1 |     0 |    22 |     0 |  3042 |                   |
30
| 26 <> 28 | 0.000000 |     1 |     0 |    19 |     1 |   152 |                   |
31
| 28 <> 30 | 0.001498 |     1 |     0 |    24 |     0 |  5615 |                   |
32
| 30 <> 32 | 0.000235 |     0 |     0 |    44 |     0 |  1880 |                   |


#tshark
tshark -r ./mysql-compress.cap -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e mysql.caps.cp -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query 

#用tcpdump抓取并保存包：
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 port 3306 -w plantegg.cap

#每隔3秒钟生成一个新文件，总共生成5个文件后（15秒后）终止抓包，然后包名也按时间规范好了
sudo  tcpdump -t -s 0 tcp port 6379  -w 'dump_%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.pcap'   -G 3 -W 5 -Z root

#每隔30分钟生成一个包并压缩，保留48个抓包，也就是24小的内的包
nohup sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -t -s 0 tcp and port 6379 -w 'dump_%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.pcap' -G 1800 -W 48 -Z root -z gzip &

#file size 512M  按文件大小不支持时间戳
nohup sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -t -s 0 tcp and port 3306 -w "dump_size.pcap"  -C 1 -W 2 -Z root -z gzip &

#port range
sudo  tcpdump -i eth0 -t -s 0 portrange 3000-3100  -w 'dump_%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.pcap'   -G 60 -W 100 -Z root

#subnet
sudo  tcpdump -i enp44s0f0 -t -s 0 net 192.168.0.1/28 -w 'dump_%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S.pcap'   -G 60 -W 100 -Z root

#抓取详细SQL语句, 快速确认client发过来的具体SQL内容：
sudo tshark -i any -f 'port 8527' -s 0 -l -w - |strings
sudo tshark -i eth0 -d tcp.port==3306,mysql -T fields -e mysql.query 'port 3306'
sudo tshark -i eth0 -R "ip.addr==11.163.182.137" -d tcp.port==3306,mysql -T fields -e mysql.query 'port 3306'
sudo tshark -i eth0 -R "tcp.srcport==62877" -d tcp.port==3001,mysql -T fields -e tcp.srcport -e mysql.query 'port 3001'

#query time
sudo tshark -i eth0 -Y " ((tcp.port eq 3306 ) and tcp.len>0 )" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query

#如果MySQL开启了SSL，那么抓包后的内容tshark/wireshark分析不到MySQL的具体内容，可以强制关闭：connectionProperties里加上useSSL=false

tshark -r ./manager.cap -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -Y " tcp.analysis.retransmission "  -T fields -e tcp.stream -e frame.number -e frame.time -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst | sort

#MySQL响应时间直方图【第八列的含义-- Time since previous frame in this TCP stream: seconds】：
tshark -r gege_plantegg.pcap -Y "mysql.query or (tcp.srcport3306 and tcp.len>60)" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len | awk 'BEGIN {sum0=0;sum3=0;sum10=0;sum30=0;sum50=0;sum100=0;sum300=0;sum500=0;sum1000=0;sumo=0;count=0;sum=0} {rt=$8; if(rt>=0.000) sum=sum+rt; count=count+1; if(rt<=0.000) sum0=sum0+1; else if(rt<0.003) sum3=sum3+1 ; else if(rt<0.01) sum10=sum10+1; else if(rt<0.03) sum30=sum30+1; else if(rt<0.05) sum50=sum50+1; else if(rt < 0.1) sum100=sum100+1; else if(rt < 0.3) sum300=sum300+1; else if(rt < 0.5) sum500=sum500+1; else if(rt < 1) sum1000=sum1000+1; else sum=sum+1 ;} END{printf "-------------\n3ms:\t%s \n10ms:\t%s \n30ms:\t%s \n50ms:\t%s \n100ms:\t%s \n300ms:\t%s \n500ms:\t%s \n1000ms:\t%s \n>1s:\t %s\n-------------\navg: %.6f \n" , sum3,sum10,sum30,sum50,sum100,sum300,sum500,sum1000,sumo,sum/count;}'

#分析MySQL rt，倒数第四列基本就是rt
tshark -r gege_plantegg.pcap -Y " ((tcp.srcport eq 3306 ) and tcp.len>0 )" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e tcp.analysis.ack_rtt   

#或者排序一下
tshark -r 213_php.cap -Y "mysql.query or (  tcp.srcport==3306)" -o tcp.calculate_timestamps:true -T fields -e frame.number -e frame.time_epoch  -e frame.time_delta_displayed  -e ip.src -e tcp.srcport -e tcp.dstport -e ip.dst -e tcp.time_delta -e tcp.stream -e tcp.len -e mysql.query |sort -nk9 -nk1

#将 tls key和抓包文件合并
editcap --inject-secrets tls,key.log in.pcap out.pcap
#把包长截掉，只保留前面54，可以脱敏包内容
editcap -s 54 old.pcap new.pcap

DNAT:

img

FNAT:

img